Chemical constituents of palm wastes slow pyrolysis derived vinegar

Pyrolysis Characteristics and Kinetics of Food Wastes

Pyrolysis is an environmental friendly alternative method compared with incineration, and the least time-consuming and smallest infrastructure footprint method compared with bio-chemical and thermo-chemical conversion. Baseline data for the pyrolysis of food waste was obtained in a kinetic study of the thermal decompositions by thermogravimetric analysis. To simulate the difference in the types...

The Chemical Characterization of Woody Biomass-Derived Pyrolysis Oils

Acid Hydrolysis of Pretreated Palm Oil Lignocellulosic Wastes

Palm oil solid wastes consist of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. In this study, a single stage of acid hydrolysis process of palm oil empty fruit bunch (EFB) for production of fermentable sugar was carried out under moderate temperature (45°C) and ambient pressure. The effect of four different process variables such as solid size, HCl concentration, solid percentage and temperature were in...

The Oil Palm Wastes in Malaysia

A composite numerical model for assessing subsurface transport of oily wastes and chemical constituents

Subsurface fate and transport models are utilized to predict concentrations of chemicals leaching from wastes into downgradient receptor wells. The contaminant concentrations in groundwater provide a measure of the risk to human health and the environment. The level of potential risk is currently used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to determine whether management of the wastes shou...